Brent climbed more than 2% to around $91.2 per barrel, the highest since June 10, extending gains for a third straight session as supply concerns intensified across several key export routes.
Markets continued to monitor the conflict between the US and Iran after Washington carried out a 10th consecutive day of strikes and President Trump vowed Tehran "will pay" for attacks that killed American soldiers.
Another tanker carrying oil products was reportedly struck near the Strait of Hormuz, highlighting ongoing risks to shipping.
Meanwhile, Yemen's Houthi militants threatened to block Saudi maritime traffic in the Red Sea, prompting at least one Saudi crude tanker to reverse course.
Beyond the Middle East, attacks on the Caspian Pipeline Consortium terminal on Russia's Black Sea coast also disrupted exports from Kazakhstan, one of the world's largest crude suppliers.
Saudi Arabia said it would take all necessary measures to safeguard its vessels in accordance with international law.