China added 20 Japanese entities to its export control list for dual-use items on Monday, preventing Chinese firms from selling to them without prior approval, citing Tokyo's ambitions for "remilitarisation."

The action, Beijing's latest in a series of export curbs targeted at Tokyo, was aimed at limiting Japan's "new type of militarism" as well as its nuclear ambitions, the Chinese commerce ministry said in a statement.

Japan's defence ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Ties between China and Japan have been strained since late last year after sensitive Taiwan-related remarks by Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi and Tokyo's decision to increase defence spending, prompting Beijing to begin imposing export controls on dual-use items in January.

"China's lawful action of listing only targets a small number of Japanese entities, the relevant measures apply only to dual-use items, which does not affect the normal economic and trade exchanges between China and Japan," the ministry said, reassuring that law-abiding Japanese entities operating "in good faith" need not worry.

The 20 entities include Japan's Institute for Defence Studies, as well as subsidiaries of Mitsubishi TSE:8058, Komatsu TSE:6301 and Fujitsu TSE:6702, the ministry notice showed.

Dual-use items are goods, software or technology with potential military or weapons-development applications.

Chinese exporters are prohibited from selling to the entities while foreign organisations and individuals are prohibited from transferring or supplying dual-use items originating in China to them, effective immediately.

The ministry also put 20 other Japanese entities on a watchlist for which it could not verify the end users or final use of dual-use items exported to them.

The watchlist deters trade with those entities but requires exporters applying to do so to provide a risk assessment report and a written commitment not to use dual-use items for any purpose that would enhance Japanese military strength.